Zip files in Java

To create or read zip files in Java, we can use java.util.ZipFile. This allow to read an zip file and read the entries inside it. We can create a zip file by using ZipOutputStream.

Please refer the below example program

https://github.com/pallabrath/myexpjava/blob/master/myexpjava/src/demo/zipfile/ZipFileDemo.java

package demo.zipfile;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.InputStream;

import java.util.Enumeration;

import java.util.Scanner;

import java.util.zip.ZipEntry;

import java.util.zip.ZipFile;

import java.util.zip.ZipOutputStream;

public class ZipFileDemo {

public static void main(String args[]) throws IOException {

// create a zip file

String zipFileName = "D:\\demo.zip";

ZipOutputStream zipos = new ZipOutputStream(new FileOutputStream(zipFileName));

// In Zip Output Stream we can create file.

ZipEntry ze1 = new ZipEntry("file1.txt");

zipos.putNextEntry(ze1);

zipos.write("Hello World".getBytes());

zipos.closeEntry();

// Now lets create another file in a directory

zipos.putNextEntry(new ZipEntry("etc\\file2.txt"));

zipos.write("Hello Again".getBytes());

zipos.closeEntry();

zipos.close();

// To Read Zip file

ZipFile zipFile = new ZipFile(zipFileName);

// for specific entry

ZipEntry ze2 = zipFile.getEntry("file1.txt");

InputStream is = zipFile.getInputStream(ze2);

Scanner scan = new Scanner(is);

while (scan.hasNextLine()){

System.out.println(scan.nextLine());

}

scan.close();

Enumeration enm = zipFile.entries();

while(enm.hasMoreElements()) {

ZipEntry ze = (ZipEntry) enm.nextElement();

System.out.println(ze.getName());

}

}

}

Java 8 at a glance

In Java  8 following are the major enhancement.

- Lambda Expression
- Method Reference for Lambda Expression
- Java Streams
- Improved Interface

    a) Now we can have concrete methods in an interface. It can be either static or default. Default methods can be overridden in implemented class. If a class implement two or more interface and there is a collision of default method then it is mandatory to override.
    b) Functional interface. For lambda expression we can define an interface as function it will have only one abstract method.
Here is an good article explaining in details # https://www.journaldev.com/2752/java-8-interface-changes-static-method-default-method

- Enhancement to Annotation
More details # https://www.javatpoint.com/java-8-type-annotations-and-repeating-annotations

- Parallel Array Sorting
    java.util.Arrays support sorting in parallel which will be faster.
- Hash Map performance improvement in case of Key collision
- Removed JDBC-ODBC bridge


More details on Java 8 features
http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/java/javase/8-whats-new-2157071.html

Java Streams

Streams are very popular feature in Java 8. Its another step in the direction of supporting functional programming in Java.

Streams are a way of accessing data from various data source. Data source can be an array, any java collection objects, I/O channel (like files, socket etc) or a generator function. One important thing is Streams are not data structure it doesn't store data, it just convey the data from data source.

Streams facilitate various computational operations like fetch, filter, sort, aggregate, search etc. in a efficient way. But all these operations produces a result while not changing its source.

Stream operations are of two types,  intermediate or terminal .Filter and map are examples of intermediate operation For each and reduce are terminal operation. Intermediate operation doesn't get executed instantly ,it creates a new stream. Only after terminal operation it get evaluated.

Intermediate operations are further divided into stateless or stateful. In case of stateless like filter or map no state of previous element is required. But in case of sateful eg: sort or distinct to process new element previous element details are necessary.

By default streams are executed sequential, Streams support parallelism also. So that the elements can be processed in parallel manner.  

Lets see some code.

package demo.streams;

import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.stream.Stream;

public class StreamDemo {

public static void main (String args[])
{
String[] arr = {"python", "perl", "java", "java script", "c", "c++", "html", "sql"};
List<String> strList =  Arrays.asList(arr);
// steam creation
Stream<String> stream  = strList.stream();
// sort the elements
stream.sorted().forEach(System.out::println);
// find first element starts with j
Stream<String> filteredStream = strList.stream().filter(string-> string.startsWith("j"));
System.out.println(filteredStream.findFirst().get());
// in first 4 element how many elements start with p
System.out.println(strList.stream().limit(4).filter(str->str.startsWith("p")).count());
// map
// prepend hello begin of each string
strList.stream().map(str->"Hello "+str).forEach(System.out::println);
// close
filteredStream.close();
stream.close();
// parallel Stream, count the number of letters
strList.parallelStream().map(str->str + "="+ str.length()).forEach(System.out::println);
}
}

More details https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/util/stream/package-summary.html